The Abortifacient Potential of Emergency Contraceptives

作者: Jeffrey D. Lewis , Dennis M. Sullivan

DOI:

关键词: ConscienceProfessional ethicsInformed consentEmergency contraceptionAbortifacientAlternative medicineFamily medicineMedicineLevonorgestrelEmergency Contraceptives

摘要: The debate over conscience rights and emergency contraceptive agents among pharmacists other healthcare professionals centers on the potential abortifacient of such agents. Such an important ethical scientific question should be guided by established facts. This paper reviews available evidence for post-fertilization effects contraception drug levonorgestrel, demonstrates that is uniformly lacking. authors then discuss implications these findings. lack any substantial may significantly weaken claims, militate against refusals to dispense or refer.

参考文章(33)
Dennis M. Sullivan, The conception view of personhood: a review. Ethics & medicine : a Christian perspective on issues in bioethics. ,vol. 19, pp. 11- 33 ,(2003)
Dennis M. Sullivan, The Oral Contraceptive as Abortifacient: An Analysis of the Evidence Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith. ,vol. 58, pp. 189- 195 ,(2006)
Ciarán T. Bradley, Emergency contraception and physicians' rights of conscience: a review of current legal standards in Wisconsin. WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin. ,vol. 108, pp. 156- ,(2009)
Alex Stirling, Anna Glasier, Estimating the efficacy of emergency contraception--how reliable are the data? Contraception. ,vol. 66, pp. 19- 22 ,(2002) , 10.1016/S0010-7824(02)00310-4
Diana B. Petitti, Combination Estrogen–Progestin Oral Contraceptives New England Journal of Medicine. ,vol. 349, pp. 1443- 1450 ,(2003) , 10.1056/NEJMCP030751
JESSICA KILEY, CASSING HAMMOND, Combined oral contraceptives: A comprehensive review. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. ,vol. 50, pp. 868- 877 ,(2007) , 10.1097/GRF.0B013E318159C06A
Ratna Bose, An update on the identity of early pregnancy factor and its role in early pregnancy Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics. ,vol. 14, pp. 497- 499 ,(1997) , 10.1007/BF02765822
Aileen Langston, Emergency Contraception: Update and Review Seminars in Reproductive Medicine. ,vol. 28, pp. 95- 102 ,(2010) , 10.1055/S-0030-1248133
Roberto Rivera, Irene Yacobson, David Grimes, The mechanism of action of hormonal contraceptives and intrauterine contraceptive devices American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ,vol. 181, pp. 1263- 1269 ,(1999) , 10.1016/S0002-9378(99)70120-1
V W Y Leung, J A Soon, M Levine, Emergency Contraception Update: A Canadian Perspective Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. ,vol. 83, pp. 177- 180 ,(2008) , 10.1038/SJ.CLPT.6100443