Impact of glyphosate on soil microbial biomass and respiration: A meta-analysis

摘要: Abstract The herbicide glyphosate is an important tool for weed management in many agricultural systems, but concerns have been raised that its increasing use impacts soil biology. At present, the influence of on microbial biomass (SMB) and respiration (SMR) unclear, with inconsistent results across published studies. We hypothesised differences rates formulation application, presence or absence plants, variability parameters such as pH organic carbon (OC), may contributed to results. To identify trends literature, we conducted a meta-analysis using linear mixed-effect boosted regression tree models. Moderator variables included concentration, pH, OC, planted un-planted soils, field pot experiments time after application. Glyphosate well moderator (pH, OC application) significantly affected activity. Increases concentrations led transitory enhancement (less than 60 days) SMR SMB, while tended be reduced days. Notably, application (i.e. −1 ) had no significant effect SMB was lower at 10–100 mg kg . Ultimately, fact environmental factors regulated response means generalisations about toxicity safety should qualified details conditions under which applied.