The Itamaracá Estuarine Ecosystem, Brazil

摘要: In northeastern Brazil (7°34′–7°55′ S and 34°48′–34°52′ W), the tropical Itamaraca estuary system (824 km2) was formed during early Holocene. A fault which gave origin to Santa Cruz Channel flooded by seawater connected with South Atlantic Ocean Catuama Orange entrance (Fig. 5.1). Offshore regions typically have a series of two or three parallel sandstone reefs (20–60 m wide) consist cemented sand (20–80% quartz biogenic detritus) become exposed low waters, as well eight ten permanently submerged reef lines (Mabesone 1964). Most submersed were Holocene sea level still-stands (Morais 1970) some are still being formed. Remnant on land presumably temporary Quaternary regression phase (Ottmann 1960). The discontinuous ridges, banks north south entrance, form semi-open elongated lagoon-like environment (“inner sea”) restricts exchange water between offshore areas (Medeiros Kjerfve 1993; Fig.