Do Superior or Inferior Interlaminar Approach or Bevel Orientation Predispose to Nonepidural Needle Penetration

摘要: OBJECTIVE. There is a paucity of evidence-based literature regarding the advantages and disadvantages interlaminar approach needle bevel orientation for performing lumbar epidural steroid injection (ESI). The purpose this study was to determine if superior versus inferior lamina approach, tip orientation, or both may predispose inadvertent nonepidural penetration during ESI. SUBJECTS AND METHODS. A prospective performed patients with low back pain without radicular neurogenic claudication referred Two hundred eleven were randomized by (superior vs inferior) (cranial caudal). Lumbar ESI six interventionalists varying levels experience using fluoroscopic guidance curved needles, loss-of-resistance technique confirmation contrast opacification. Exact Poisson re...