Demand response policies for the implementation of smart grids

摘要: With the grasp of a smart grid in sight, discussions have shifted focus system security measures away from generation capacity; apart modifying supply side, demand may also be exploited to keep balance. Specifically, Demand Response (DR) is concept consumer load modification as result price signaling, adequacy, or state reliability. Implementation DR mechanisms one solutions being investigated improve efficiency electricity markets and maintain system-wide stability. In liberalized sector, with vision that committed market-based operation, end-users now become focal point decision-making at every stage process producing, delivering consuming electricity. program implementation falls within domain: complex socio-technical energy multiplicity physical, economic, political social interactions. This thesis thus employs both qualitative quantitative research methods order address ways which residential can active flexibility providers deregulated European markets. The focuses on economic incentives including dynamic pricing contracts, distribution signals aggregation for participation various short-term