Brain hyperthermia induced by MDMA (ecstasy): modulation by environmental conditions.

摘要: Drugs of abuse, such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), often have more powerful effects during states increased activation and under specific environmental conditions. Because hyperthermia is a major complication MDMA use factor potentiating neurotoxicity, we examined the this drug (9 mg/kg, sc; approximately one-fifth known LD(50) in rats) on brain [nucleus accumbens (Nacc) hippocampus (Hippo)] muscle (musculus temporalis) temperatures male rats conditions that either model human (social interaction with female, warm temperature) or restrict heat dissipation from (chronic occlusion jugular veins). Under quiet resting at 23 degrees C, induced moderate but prolonged hyperthermia. Both NAcc Hippo showed rapid stronger temperature increases than muscle, suggesting metabolic neural primary cause During social by was significantly potentiated (+89%). Brain also strongly (+188%) animals chronically occluded veins, impaired cerebral outflow enhances intrabrain accumulation. At 29 pushed to its biological limits (>41 C; +268%), resulting fatalities most (83%) tested animals. Therefore, inducing restricting dissipation, 'party' may be much dangerous standard laboratory