作者: Klaus Fiedler , Yaakov Kareev , Judith Avrahami , Susanne Beier , Florian Kutzner
DOI: 10.3758/S13421-015-0537-Z
关键词: Constant (mathematics) 、 Sample size determination 、 Change detection 、 Psychology 、 Adaptive functioning 、 Population 、 Sample (material) 、 Statistics 、 Social psychology
摘要: Detecting changes, in performance, sales, markets, risks, social relations, or public opinions, constitutes an important adaptive function. In a sequential paradigm devised to investigate detection of change, every trial provides sample binary outcomes (e.g., correct vs. incorrect student responses). Participants have decide whether the proportion focal feature responses) population from which is drawn has decreased, remained constant, increased. Strong and persistent anomalies change arise when changes proportional quantities vary orthogonally absolute size. Proportional increases are readily detected nonchanges erroneously perceived as size increases. Conversely, decreasing facilitates decreases erroneous perception decreases. These however confined experienced samples elementary raw events proportions be inferred inductively. They disappear described percentages normalized probability format. To explain these challenging findings, it essential understand inductive-learning constraints imposed on decisions experience.