Strategies for quantifying C60 fullerenes in environmental and biological samples and implications for studies in environmental health and ecotoxicology

摘要: Fullerenes are sphere-like molecules with unique physico-chemical properties, which render them of particular interest in biomedical research, consumer products and industrial applications. Human environmental exposure to fullerenes is not a new phenomenon, due long history hydrocarbon-combustion sources, will only increase the future, as incorporation into becomes more widespread for use anti-aging, anti-bacterial or anti-apoptotic agents. An essential step determination biological effects (and their surface-functionalized derivatives) establishment exposure-assessment techniques. However, ecotoxicological studies, quantification performed infrequently because robust, uniformly applicable analytical approaches have yet be identified, wide variety sample types. Moreover, physico-chemistry aqueous matrices requires reassessment conventional approaches, especially complex (e.g., urine, blood, plasma, milk, tissue). Here, we present review current propose consensus approach these nanomaterials matrices.