The Visual Ecology of Avian Photoreceptors
作者： Nathan S Hart
DOI: 10.1016/S1350-9462(01)00009-X
关键词: Opsin 、 Retinal 、 Spectral power distribution 、 Oil droplet 、 Ecology 、 Biology 、 Spectral sensitivity 、 Bird vision 、 Color vision 、 Absorbance
摘要: The spectral sensitivities of avian retinal photoreceptors are examined with respect to microspectrophotometric measurements single cells, spectrophotometric extracted or in vitro regenerated visual pigments, and molecular genetic analyses pigment opsin protein sequences. Bird species from diverse orders compared relation their evolution, habitats the multiplicity tasks they must perform. Birds have five different types seven photo receptor-rods, double (uneven twin) cones four cone. locations wavelengths maximum absorbance (lambda (max)) transmittance characteristics intraocular filters (cone oil droplets) that also determine photoreceptor sensitivity, vary according both habitat phylogenetic relatedness. primary influence on design appears be range available for vision, regardless whether is determined by distribution natural illumination ocular media (cornea, aqueous humour, lens, vitreous humour). Nevertheless, other variations sensitivity exist reflect variability complexity ecology. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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