The Impact of System Integration on System Costs of a Neighborhood Energy and Water System

摘要: The fossil-based energy system is transitioning towards a renewable system. One important aspect the spatial and temporal mismatch between intermitted supply continuous demand. To ensure reliable affordable system, we propose an integrated approach that integrates electricity production, mobility, heating of buildings water management with major role for storage conversion. minimization transport in such indicates need local optimization. This study focuses on comparison different novel designs neighborhood systems varying modes integration, including all-electric, power-to-heat power-to-hydrogen. A simulation model developed to determine balance carry out economic analysis calculate costs various scenarios. We show are lowest scenario combines hydrogen boiler heat pumps household heating; or power-to-X power-to-heat, seasonal storage, power-to-hydrogen (2070 €/household/year). Scenarios as main carrier have higher retrofitting (insulation + pump), which leads (2320–2370 €/household/year) than more systems. conclude diversification carriers can contribute smooth transition existing residential areas.