Low Protein, Amino Acid and Ketoacid Diets to Slow the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease and Improve Metabolic Control of Uremia

摘要: For many decades, nephrologists have advised kidney disease patients to control their protein intake in order reduce accumulation of nitrogen waste products and limit uremic symptoms. More recently, renal pathophysiology findings suggested that reducing protects against glomerular sclerosis, the consequence hyperfiltration. Thus, two independent protective effects may occur chronic disease. Do these translate human disease? There is now a bunch evidence metabolic abnormalities will be improved response reduction intake, including insulin resistance, mineral bone metabolism, proteinuria, dyslipidemia, inflammation, blood pressure anemia. Effect on function has been more difficult assess from clinical trials. However, number meta-analyses provided quite convincing conclusion low diets death, i.e., deaths or dialysis starts receiving diets. Finally, safety compliance such discussed. It seems advisable propose dietary counseling for all patients, follow-up ensure best nutritional status minimal exposure toxins.