Congestion patterns of electric vehicles with limited battery capacity.

摘要: The path choice behavior of battery electric vehicle (BEV) drivers is influenced by the lack public charging stations, limited capacity, range anxiety and long time. This paper investigates congestion/flow pattern captured stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) traffic assignment problem in transportation networks with BEVs, where BEV paths are restricted their capacities. energy consumption assumed to be a linear function length travel time, which addresses both distance limit road congestion effect. A mathematical programming model proposed for path-based SUE cost sum corresponding link costs specific out-of-energy penalty. We then apply convergent Lagrangian dual method transform original into concave maximization develop customized gradient projection algorithm solve it. column generation procedure incorporated generate set. Finally, two numerical examples presented demonstrate applicability solution algorithm.