The effect of nitric-oxide-related supplements on human performance

摘要: Nitric oxide (NO) has led a revolution in physiology and pharmacology research during the last two decades. This labile molecule plays an important role many functions body regulating vasodilatation, blood flow, mitochondrial respiration platelet function. Currently, it is known that NO synthesis occurs via at least physiological pathways: synthase (NOS) dependent NOS independent. In former, L-arginine main precursor. It widely recognized this amino acid oxidized to by action of enzymes. Additionally, L-citrulline been indicated be secondary donor NOS-dependent pathway, since can converted L-arginine. Nitrate nitrite are substrates produceNO NOS-independent pathway. These anions reduced vivo other bioactive nitrogen oxides. Other molecules, such as dietary supplement glycine propionyl-L-carnitine (GPLC), have also suggested increase levels NO, although mechanisms remain elucidated. The interest all these molecules increased fields research. relation with exercise physiology, production may enhance oxygen nutrient delivery active muscles, thus improving tolerance physical recovery mechanisms. Several studies using donors assessed hypothesis healthy, trained population. However, conclusions from showed several discrepancies. While some reported supplementation induced benefits performance, others did not find any positive effect. regard, training status subjects seems factor linked ergogenic effect supplementation. Studies involving untrained or moderately healthy could improve aerobic anaerobic exercise. when highly were supplemented, no on performance was indicated. addition, evidence mainly based young male Further elderly female needed determine whether supplements induce benefit capacity metabolism impaired age and/or estrogen status.