Bark extract of Bathysa cuspidata attenuates extra‐pulmonary acute lung injury induced by paraquat and reduces mortality in rats

摘要: The treatment of human diseases using medicinal plants and their derivatives is an ancient practice that currently gaining popularity worldwide (Farnsworth 1994; Park et al. 2010). At the moment, there considerable interest in natural plant products, particularly those used traditional medicine. These products may be development new drugs applications, which would include lung induced by toxic agents (Lo 2005; This type investigation has been shown to represent effective strategy for selecting drugs, as around 80% world population uses derived from basic healthcare Kaur 2005). Paraquat (1, 1′-dimethyl-4, 4′-bipyridinium dichloride) (PQ) a quaternary nitrogen herbicide, because its high efficacy low residue product left crops (Sittipunt Chang 2009). Its toxicity humans animals when absorbed through ingestion, skin contact or inhalation extensively demonstrated (Dasta 1978; Suntres 2002; Marrs & Adjei 2003). herbicide accumulates mainly lungs highly developed polyamine uptake system, leading generation superoxide radical () oxygen- NADPH-dependent redox cycle, resulting acute oxidative stress-related insults (Tsukamoto 2003; Wang 2006; PQ-induced extra-pulmonary injury (ALI) results alveolar epithelial cell (type I II pneumocytes) Clara disruption, impairment surfactant production, haemorrhage, oedema, hypoxaemia infiltration inflammatory cells into interstitial alveoli spaces (Rocco 2001, 2010; Novaes 2012). principal cause death cases PQ respiratory failure associated with diffuse damage epithelium owing oxidation lipids membrane proteins, culminates partial total loss function (Mustafa Tsukamoto Rocco 2004). In view reproducibility simplicity administration, this widely experimental model studies on ALI 2009; Moreover, it constitutes inexpensive effects are rapid (Silva Saldiva 1998; 2003), thus ensuring frequent use investigating vegetable extracts disorders (Kim 2010). Bathysa cuspidata (A. St. Hil.) Hook f. belongs Rubiaceae family. It popularly known South America ‘quina-do-mato’, bark popular medicine prevention stomach, liver disorders, well anti-inflammatory healing agent (Novaes addition, tests vitro, ethanolic leaves species showed no mutagenic genotoxic Ames test, TA98 TA100 strains Salmonella typhimurium, plasmid (DNA pUC 18) cleavage test respectively (Nunes 2008). Considering lesions exposure occur induction stress activation response, compounds antioxidant action potentially affect mortality condition (Suntres Kim 2006). To clarify relevance, possible mechanism action, objective study was investigate effect extract B. Wistar rats.