Atrazine Exposure and Reproductive Dysfunction through the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) Axis.

摘要: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) are exogenous agents that alter endogenous hormone signaling pathways. These target the neuroendocrine system which is composed of organs throughout body work alongside central nervous to regulate biological processes. Of primary importance hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis vital for maintaining proper reproductive function. Atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine) a pre-emergent herbicide used prevent growth weeds on various crops. This reported widely contaminate potable water supplies everywhere it applied. As such, European Union banned use atrazine in 2004. Currently United States Environmental Protection Agency regulates at 3 parts per billion (ppb; μg/L) drinking water, while World Health Organization recently changed their guideline 100 ppb. implicated be an EDC alters dysfunction by targeting HPG axis. However, questions remain as human health risks associated with exposure studies reporting mixed results ability In this review, current findings atrazine's effects examined mammalian, anuran, and fish models epidemiological studies.