Plastid terminal oxidase as a route to improving plant stress tolerance: Known knowns and known unknowns

摘要: A plastid-localized terminal oxidase, PTox, was first described due to its role in chloroplast development, with plants lacking PTox producing white sectors on their leaves. This phenotype is explained as being playing a carotenoid biosynthesis, cofactor of phytoene desaturase. Co-occurrence chloroplast-localized NADPH dehydrogenase (NDH) has suggested the possibility functional respiratory pathway plastids. Evidence also been found that, certain stress-tolerant plant species, can act an electron acceptor from PSII, making it candidate for engineering crops. However, attempts induce such via overexpression protein have failed date. Here we review current understanding function higher and discuss possible barriers inducing activity improve stress tolerance.