Dynamics of Disordered Materials in Confined Geometries

摘要: This thesis is concerned with effects of geometrical confinement on dynamics in disordered materials the nanoscopic range. Of particular interest around liquid to glass transition. Two systems have been investigated: thin polymer films and gels. The was examined over a broad range time, 10 -12 - 3 s, using photon correlation spectroscopy, dielectric spectroscopy quasi-eleastic neutron scattering. large scale structure gels investigated small angle effect chain for polystyrene that are thinner than equilibrium end-to-end distance single chain. experiments first study describing form structural relaxations free-standing films. It shows relaxation becomes faster films, but shape function remains similar bulk polymer. Cooperativity were also consisting propylene carbonate (PC) stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate). reveal main PC confined gel can be described by simple cooperative model. An onset temperature identified located approximately 60 K above transition temperature. Salt-doped electrolytes promising application electrochemical devices since they combine high ionic conductivity mechanical stability. Experiments aiming at determining molecular basis ion conduction mechanism such presented. A complex relaxational behavior observed least three processes. concluded there close relation between diffusion solvent conductivity.