Dual-Use Export Control: Security and Human Rights Challenges to Multilateralism

摘要: International standard-setting in the field of export control has been shaped by presence non-binding multilateral regimes. Central to international regulatory harmonisation is Wassenaar Arrangement concerning controls for conventional arms as well dual-use goods and technologies. Institutionalised coordination through regimes essential, part because trade regime accommodates apologetic security exceptions that flexibly allow each member’s own practices. Multilateralism context subject various political normative challenges, however. Various attempts circumvent have based not only on national narratives. The also fundamentally challenged human rights This paper sheds light these dual challenges analysis over digital so-called emerging