Bronchiolitis: what the clinician should know

摘要: Bronchiolitis is an acute infection of the lower respiratory tract affecting infants and young children, with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) being most common pathogen. generally a mild disease, but may present severe signs symptoms requiring hospitalization. Risk factors including prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, immunodeficiency congenital heart defects predispose patients to develop disease. The diagnosis should be based on clinical evaluation, without supportive radiographic laboratory studies. Etiological helpful decrease hospital transmission virus avoid inappropriate use antibiotics. mainstay therapy for bronchiolitis care, which directed at maintaining adequate oxygenation, ensuring proper toilet, meeting requirements fluids nutrition. nebulized hypertonic saline limited hospitalized patients. Severe failure require mechanical ventilatory support. Neither corticosteroids nor antibiotics offer consistent benefit in treatment bronchiolitis, thus not used. A trial bronchodilator appropriate, continued exclusively if prompt favorable response occurs. Effective interventions prevent spread RSV include hand washing or disinfection by caregivers contact isolation. palivizumab, monoclonal antibody against RSV, safe prophylactic option, restricted children high-risk during epidemic period. Current evidence suggests that early predisposes recurrent wheezing asthma first decade life. Proceedings 11 th International Workshop Neonatology Satellite Meetings · Cagliari (Italy) October 26 -31 st , 2015 From womb adult Guest Editors: Vassilios Fanos (Cagliari, Italy), Michele Mussap (Genoa, Antonio Del Vecchio (Bari, Bo Sun (Shanghai, China), Dorret I. Boomsma (Amsterdam, Netherlands), Gavino Faa Giordano (Philadelphia, USA)