Trasplante de membrana amniótica en patología de la superficie ocular

作者: Óscar Gris Castellón

DOI:

关键词: CorneaGraft rejectionSurgeryMedicineCorneal transplantationTransplantationCorneal surfaceMembrana amnioticaResectionEntire corneaGynecology

摘要: El trasplante de membrana amniotica (TMA) ha demostrado en los ultimos anos ser eficaz el tratamiento distintas patologias la superficie ocular. Sin embargo, trabajos publicados recogen series cortas pacientes y con periodos seguimiento breves. Hemos analizado resultados obtenidos todos casos intervenidos por autor mediante TMA durante 1999 2000, incluyendo estudios histologicos tras algunos receptores. El primer trabajo analiza 53 patologia corneal conjuntival, utilizando formas implante un periodo medio 32 meses (rango 24-48 meses). Tras reseccion lesiones conjuntivales extensas injerto (MA) consiguio epitelizacion completa, minima formacion cicatrices residuales, 100% casos. En las ulceras corneales troficas, degeneraciones estromales calcicas, defectos epiteliales se mostro como procedimiento terapeutico una alternativa quirurgica util aquellos que medico fracasa. Los fueron estables realizado. ninguno observaron complicaciones intraoperatorias ni postoperatorias. En segundo eficacia seguridad del recubrimiento MA persistentes sin respuesta al medico. muy cuando mantuvo dos o mas semanas, siendo principal problema estos desprendimiento precoz membrana. De entre distintos tipos ensayados cornea asociado a lente contacto terapeutica fue tiempo implante. En tercer estudio describen hallazgos encontrados varios despues precisaron cornea. ambos completa caracteristicas histologicas normales y, su reabsorcion, espacio ocupado inicialmente sustituido estroma neoformado fibroticas. avascular no evidencio ningun tipo reaccion inflamatoria rechazo alrededor proceso reabsorcion lento, probablemente expensas queratocitos activados. presencia neovascularizacion estromal inflamacion cronica subyacente produjo manera rapida abundante celulas inflamatorias zona. En cuarto demuestra puede conseguir regeneracion zonas conjuntiva incluso sobre lecho escleral severamente isquemico. In recent years amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) has shown to be effective in the treatment of different patologies ocular surface. Nevertheless, published articles usually consist short patients with brief follow-up periods. We have reviewed results obtained all cases operated on by author AMT during year and including histological studies after some patients. The first paper analyzes conjuntival pathology, using forms implantation mean months (range months). After resection extensive conjunctival lesions (AM) graft achieved complete epithelialization, minimal scarring, 100 % cases. In eyes neurotrophic ulcer, calcific degeneration, persistent epithelial defects, appears an procedure represents aditional therapeutic alternative when conservative medical treatments fail. The were stable period. No intraoperative or postoperative complications ocurred any operated. The second efficacy safety AM patch defects without response treatment. proved implant was maintained surface for two more weeks, being main problem these early detachment membrane. Among types tested, technic covering entire associated contact lens longer duration AM. The third study describes histopathologic findings who required several graft. both epithelialization observed over basement AM. stroma inflammatory reaction rejection seen. this case process reabsorption slow, probably at expense activated keratocytes. stromal neovascularization rapidly reabsorbed because presence abundant cells. Once reabsorbed, replaced new fibrotic stroma, which that found rest but helped maintain thickness. The fourth demonstrates can useful even regeneration conjunctiva large areas ischemic sclera.

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