Recent Trends and Impacts of Fisheries Exploitation on Mediterranean Stocks and Ecosystems

摘要: This review focuses on the recent data Mediterranean fishing fleets and landings, results from stock assessments ecosystem models to provide an overview of multiple impacts exploitation in different geographical sub-areas (GSAs). A fleet about 73.000 vessels is widespread along coasts. Artisanal activities are predominant South eastern basin, while trawling features GSAs western basin Adriatic. The overall landings fish, crustaceans cephalopods, after peaking during mid ‘90s at one million tons, declined 700.000 2013. However, declining EU countries since 90s, non-EU a decreasing trend was observed only last 5-10 years. current levels effort determine general overexploitation status commercial stocks with more than 90% assessed out safe biological limits. Indicators obtained available included primary production required sustain fisheries (PPR), mean trophic level catch (mTLc), loss secondary index (L index) probability be sustainably fished (psust). In areas exploited (e.g. Gulf Gabes, Eastern Ionian Aegean Sea) pressure characterized by either low number per unit shelf area or large prevalence artisanal/small scale fisheries. Conversely, Western Adriatic showed very sustainability that can easily related high proportion overfished single species assessments. We knowledge ecosystems depict worrisome picture where effect poorly regulated fisheries, combination ongoing climate forcing rapid expansion non-indigenous species, rapidly changing structure functioning unpredictable effects goods services provided. Although this would call for urgent conservation actions, management system implemented region appears too slow probably inadequate protect biodiversity secure resources future generations.