Emerging Autophagy Functions Shape the Tumor Microenvironment and Play a Role in Cancer Progression - Implications for Cancer Therapy.

摘要: The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex environment where cancer cells reside and interact with different types of cells, secreted factors, the extracellular matrix. Additionally, TME shaped by several processes, such as autophagy. Autophagy has emerged conserved intracellular degradation pathway for clearance damaged organelles or aberrant proteins. With its central role, autophagy maintains cellular homeostasis orchestrates stress responses, playing opposite roles in tumorigenesis. During development, also mediates autophagy-independent functions associated hallmarks cancer, therefore exerting effects on suppression and/or promotion mechanisms. Beyond concept degradation, new forms have been described modulators progression, secretory enabling intercellular communication cargo release. In this context, synthesis senescence-associated proteins lead to senescent phenotype. Besides disturbing treatment participates innate adaptive immune signaling. Furthermore, recent studies indicated intricate crosstalk between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which obtain an invasive phenotype metastatic potential. Thus, context far broader than just cell energy sensing mechanism. scenario, we will discuss key surrounding contributing development progression/EMT. Finally, potential intervention processes strategy therapy be addressed.