Nutrition and Lactation

摘要: Lactation is a continuation of intrauterine gestation. In both processes, maternal diet plays an active role in the provision nutrients, nutritional stores and endocrine adaptations serve to buffer short-term variations intake, blood flow overriding nutrient transfer fetus newborn infant, demands recipient are highest any stage human development. Human milk remarkable its variability. Recent data suggest that variability often improves composition as part complex adaptation infant9s specific needs. A comprehensive survey literature on lactation provided two review articles. 1,2 NUTRIENTS Lipids Milk lipids provide major fraction calories milk, yet they most variable constituent. 3 Preceding nursing, fluid phase stored within gland resembles skimmed milk. During course contraction smooth muscle launches fat droplets. This draught reflex essential for caloric adequacy breast-fed infant. 2 Women living under unfavorable socioeconomic conditions have reduced total lipid. 4-6 There evidence supplementing diets these women leads increased fat. Under controlled metabolic ward conditions, high-caloric, high-fat can be demonstrated increase production. 7 The distribution spectrum fatty acids also responsive dietary changes. 7-13 who malnourished produce excess 12:0 14:0 acids. 14