Nitrate in drinking water and vegetables: intake and risk assessment in rural and urban areas of Nagpur and Bhandara districts of India

摘要: The study focuses on the estimation of health risk from nitrate present in drinking water and vegetables Nagpur Bhandara districts state Maharashtra, India. Drinking samples 77 locations rural as well urban areas 22 varieties vegetable were collected analyzed for presence a period 1 year (two seasons). daily intake these was then computed compared with standard acceptable levels to assess associated risk. mean concentration 59 exceeded Bureau Indian Standards limit 45 mg/L water. found have 45.69 ± 2.08 22.53 ± 1.97 mg/L, respectively. estimated 55 sites had far below safety margin indicating serious sanitation survey conducted 12 households reported contaminated source positive E. coli count 20 major factor average maximum beetroot (1349.38 mg/kg) followed by spinach (1288.75 mg/kg) amaranthus (1007.64 mg/kg). Among samples, four (ADI) an assumption 0.5 kg consumption 60-kg individual. Therefore, irrigation locally grown should be monitored periodically nitrogen accumulation crop above ADI limit. application nitrogenous fertilizers also minimized help protect contamination groundwater sources.