作者： M. Ciszkowska , M. Tomkiewicz
DOI:
关键词: Ionic bonding 、 Inorganic materials 、 Electrochemistry 、 Materials science 、 Supercapacitor 、 Nanotechnology 、 Photocatalysis 、 Analytical chemistry 、 Fuel cells 、 Polymer 、 Drug delivery
摘要: Abstract : Organic and inorganic gels, gel-derivatives such as aerogels xerogels, find numerous applications in areas batteries, fuel cells, photoelectrochemical solar photocatalytic devices, supercapacitors, control-release drug delivery systems, separation techniques, others. Modern microscopic electrochemical techniques offer the possibility of understanding structural properties these systems down to almost atomic level. Most involve solid-liquid interfaces that occupy a significant fraction volume materials. This review discusses transport three heterogeneous with important applications: solutions ionic polymers, polymeric gels aerogels.