Temperate Propolis Has Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Is a Potent Inhibitor of Nitric Oxide Formation in Macrophages
作者： Samyah Alanazi , Naif Alenzi , James Fearnley , William Harnett , David G Watson
关键词: Nitric oxide 、 Necrosis 、 Lipopolysaccharide 、 Propolis 、 Uridine diphosphate 、 Glutathione 、 Chemistry 、 Tumor necrosis factor alpha 、 Anti-inflammatory 、 Pharmacology
摘要: Previous research has shown that propolis immunomodulatory activity. Extracts from two UK samples were assessed for their anti-inflammatory activities by investigating ability to alter the production of cytokines: tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-10 mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages co-stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The extracts suppressed secretion IL-1β IL-6 less effect on TNFα. In addition, reduced levels nitric oxide formed LPS-stimulated macrophages. Metabolomic profiling was carried out liquid chromatography (LC) coupled mass spectrometry (MS) a ZIC-pHILIC column. LPS increased intermediates involved in biosynthesis; lowered many these. produced an increase itaconate citrate, treatment still further while greatly reducing citrate levels. Moreover, glutathione (GSH) its biosynthesis, boosted these further. uridine diphosphate (UDP)–sugar conjugates. Overall, results showed exert inhibition pro-inflammatory cytokines metabolic reprogramming activity
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