From economic general equilibrium to ecological system services for nature conservation and management: a methodological analysis and an empirical study based on 30 Italian industries

摘要: In this paper, I develop an operational methodology to consistently compare alternative sustainability paradigms (weak [WS], strong [SS], a-growth [AG], and de-growth [DG]) different assessment approaches (life-cycle [LCA], cost-benefit analysis [CBA], multi-criteria [MCA]) within relationship frameworks (economic general equilibrium [EGE] ecosystem services [ESS]). The goal is suggest environmental interventions (e.g., projects vs. policies) for nature management guide decisions achieve conservation, defined here as reducing pressures preserve the future environment its functioning over time. then apply 30 interdependent industries in Italy three pollutants (greenhouse-effect gases, polluted rain, air pollution) four resources (water, minerals, fossil fuels, biomass) during two periods (from 1990 2007 from 2012). were prioritised terms of be taken diminish pollution damage resource depletion fishing non-energy mining any paradigm), whereas are compared their likelihood (i.e., WS > AG = DG SS), robustness SS WS), effectiveness feasibility AG). Proper finally identified situations when policies infeasible LCA SS, MCA ESS, CBA EGE), by suggesting ESS once ecological linked criteria.