Activity Substitutability and Degree of Specialization Among Deer and Elk Hunters in Multiple States

摘要: This article examines relationships between hunter specialization and activity substitutability. Data were obtained from a mail survey of 6,983 deer hunters in eight states 2,584 elk three states. Activity substitutability was measured by asking what would provide the same satisfaction as or hunting. Between 41% 59% 38% to 46% reported substitutes such fishing other big game Cluster analyses skill, centrality, equipment, experience revealed four groups (casual, intermediate, focused, veteran). Casual most likely report substitute followed intermediates, veterans. inverse relationship concepts consistent across species hunted. Veteran hunting substitute, whereas casual many consider substitute.