PD-1 and PD-L1 as immunotherapy targets and biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer

摘要: The integration of immunotherapeutic agents in the treatment non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has revolutionized approach prevalent type cancer. Although PD-1 and its ligands (PD-L1 PD-L2) are stimulating molecules immune-checkpoint pathway, with primary function to limit inflammatory response autoimmunity, tumor cells have found a way exploit these by obtaining opportunity respond PD-L1 expression cytokine signals thus evade immune surveillance. Several targeting already been tested show quick remarkable responses survival prolongation about 14-20% chemo-resistant patients NSCLC, resulting FDA approval some inhibitors (pebrolizumab, nivolumab), even for first-line metastatic NSCLC whose tumors high (pebrolizumab). Regarding prognostic value as biomarkers results still remain contradictory. However, elevated correlated higher efficacy various agents, implying predictive this biomarker, if truth specificity sensitivity aforementioned is generally more complicated.