An easy and rapid method using microscopy to determine herbicide effects in Poaceae weed species

摘要: A new, easy, rapid and relatively inexpensive method using microscopy has been developed for the detection of herbicide effects in leaves grass weed species displaying no visual signs damage. The potential to be used as a tool indicate future death due exposure by observing phytochemical effects, i.e. early-warning effects. In present study, Apera spica-venti (L.) Beauv., Bromus hordeaceus L., Alopecurus myosuroides Huds., Lolium perenne L. Poa annua were exposed lethal rates four herbicides with different mode action. investigated thiocarbamate: prosulfocarb, sulfonylurea: iodosulfuron, aryloxyphenoxypropionate: fenoxaprop-P-ethyl organophosphate glyphosate. Autofluorescence was studied under microscope ultraviolet blue light. fluorescence treated enhance flavonoids also examined. To confirm results, microspectrofluorometry performed. Effects indicating grasses observed visually healthy following treatment glyphosate iodosulfuron. No changes detected fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. After or content other compounds conjugation system rigid structure decrease chlorophyll leaves. Prosulfocarb resulted an increase results obtained from indicated that prosulfocarb caused reduction quercetin, naringenin and/or naringin.