Diversity of boll weevil populations in South America: a phylogeographic approach.

摘要: A phylogeographic approach was conducted to assess the geographic structure and genetic variation in populations of boll weevil Anthonomus grandis, which is most harmful insect pest cotton Americas. COI COII mitochondrial gene sequences were analyzed test a former hypothesis on origin Argentina, Brazil Paraguay, using samples from Mexico USA as putative source populations. The analysis variability suggests that South American fields nearby disturbed areas form phylogroup with central haplotype herein called A, common widespread America. population Texas has frequent gathers same group associated cotton. sample Tecoman (Mexico) shows high values within-nucleotide divergence, shares no samples, forms separated by several mutational steps. Iguazu National Park (Misiones Province, Argentina) similar characteristics, highly divergent haplotypes forming closer fields, than Mexican group. We propose America there are: characteristics recent invaders, would be remnants “bottlenecks” occurred after single or multiple colonization events, probably United States, ancient native forests, partially isolated events historical fragmentation.