Can Teachers' Images of Good Writing Conflict with Goals of Process Writing?.

摘要: Process writing approaches have been described in the literature for well over ten years (e.g., Atwell, 1987; Calkins, 1983, 1986, 1991; Graves, 1983; Murray, 1979). Features of process usually include: (a) authentic purposes and real audience, (b) student selection topic, (c) multiple drafts with revision emphasized, (d) within a predictable structure which teachers students devote time to talking about writing. Despite careful delineation these features, questions remain how effectively implemented (Applebee, 1986). The difficulties implementing change classroom norms bureaucratic institutions documented (Florio-Ruane, Lensmire, Michaels, 1987).