Using electron microscopes to look into the lung

摘要: In the nineteenth century, there was a dispute about existence of lung alveolar epithelium which remained unsolved until invention electron microscopy (EM) and its application to lung. From early 1960s, Ewald Weibel became master EM. He showed that is covered with lining layer containing surfactant. also explained phenomenon “non-nucleated plates” observed already in 1881 by Albert Kolliker. Weibel’s most significant contribution development stereological methods. Therefore, quantitative characterization structure revealing structure–function relationships possible. Today, spectrum EM methods study fine has been extended significantly. Cryo-preparation techniques are available necessary for immunogold labeling molecules. Energy-filtering can be used detection elements. There have major improvements stereology, thus providing very versatile toolbox phenotype analyses. A new dimension added 3D techniques. Depending on desired sample size resolution, ranges from array tomography via serial block face scanning focused ion beam tomography. These datasets provide insights into ultrastructure. Biomedical an ever-developing field. Its high resolution remains unparalleled. Moreover, unique advantage “open view” cells tissues within their full architectural context. will remain indispensable tool better understanding lung’s functional design.