Willingness to pay for reduction in air pollution: a multilevel analysis

摘要: This paper presents the multilevel model approach to analyzing contingent valuation surveys of individuals’ willingness pay for reductions in level air pollution. It is likely that individuals living same area are exposed pollution, and accordingly these valuations a reduction may be correlated. Thus, data have hierarchical structure with clustered within regions, this violates general assumption independence among observations. Multilevel models allow type structure. In we analyze stated an open-ended survey local pollution Sweden. The results suggest most variations individuals. However, our indicate there also at higher levels, which explained by homogeneous preferences household or region similar