The Effect of Seasonal Climatic Anomalies on Zoo Visitation in Toronto (Canada) and the Implications for Projected Climate Change

摘要: This study uses a multi-year temporal climate analogue approach to explore zoo visitor responses seasonal climatic anomalies and assess the impacts of projected change on visitation in Toronto, Canada. A new method for selecting representative weather station was introduced which ranks surrounding stations based “climatic distance” rather than physical distance alone. Two years representing anomalously warm temperature conditions two climatically normal were identified each season from within period 1999 2015. wet precipitation dry also identified. F-tests t-tests employed determine if apparent differences between paired groupings statistically significant. “selective ensemble” Global Climate Model (GCM) output Intergovernmental Panel Change Fifth Assessment Report used when these anomalous may become norm future. When winters springs occurred historical record, total those seasons increased significantly. Inversely, summers occurred, summer decreased Temperature autumn did not result any significant visitation. Finally, apart spring season, there no seasons.