The Evolution of Stability in Marine Environments Natural Selection at the Level of the Ecosystem

摘要: Starting from the premise that oscillations are dangerous for any system and violent may be lethal, this paper contrasts highly stable production systems of tropical waters with seasonal longer-term temperate polar waters. The differences climatically determined, since present glacial type climate is young in climatic history earth, ecological higher latitudes considered as immature at a low level adaptation. That they process evolution toward greater stability suggested by number phenomena, such development large, slow-respiring, slow-growing individuals, many arctic invertebrates mid-winter or late fall. These other observed peculiarities high latitude fauna tend to make most efficient use available plant food spread cropping pressure over much year possible. Oceanic birds cited exam...