Date Palm Status and Perspective in Spain

摘要: The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an archaeophyte in Spain and the iconic species of introduced mixed irrigated agricultural system food crops, animal feed, grasses, livestock. Traditionally, palms are propagated from seed grown for their fruits, as well products derived leaves stem wood. seedling populations represent a diverse pool genetic resources with potential to improve crop general. Depending on local microclimate, 20–50 % fruits do not fully ripen tree because cooler temperatures late growing season. Artificial ripening techniques have been devised deal this situation. Local genotypes under study best fruit types expanded marketing, gourmet fresh product Europe, enhance farmer income sustain traditional production system. Tissue culture selected contributing sustainability groves. New commercial broaden economic possibilities. exotic red weevil pest represents main threat grove control measures being pursued. Historic groves persist Spain, especially Elche Orihuela, presumably naturalized feral exhibiting distinctive morphological characteristics described P. iberica. Phoenix protected continue provide religious ceremonies landscape. Elche, largest grove, World Heritage Site major tourist attraction.