Effectiveness and monetary impact of Milan's road charge, one year after implementation
作者： Paolo Beria , None
DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2015.1083638
关键词: Vehicle category 、 Finance 、 Distribution (economics) 、 Toll 、 Referendum 、 Economy 、 Singapore Area Licensing Scheme 、 Road pricing 、 Congestion pricing 、 Economic impact analysis 、 Business
摘要: ABSTRACTIn early 2008, a pollution charge was introduced in the central Area of Milan. Although initially it positively affected traffic volume, after some years its effect wore off due to replacement older vehicles with newer and exempt vehicles. As effectiveness decreased, June 2011 Milan citizens voted referendum on whether extend all The result clearly favor redesign extension toll. In January 2012 new policy put force under name “Area C.” pricing uses same technological infrastructure encompasses but evolves into congestion aimed at reducing compact crowded city. present article discusses history road-pricing case presents quantitative analyses overall measure, based official data. addition, we calculate, using cordon data, distribution entrances per vehicle category rela...
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