Vigilance behaviour of the year-round territorial vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) outside the breeding season: Influence of group size, social factors and distance to a water source

摘要: We conducted focal observations of vicuna, a year-around territorial mammal, to compare vigilance behaviour between and bachelor males outside the reproductive season. hypothesized that time spent vigilant would depend on male social status, considering potential effects several variables: sampling year, group size, distances nearest neighbour vega (mountain wetland). fit GLM models assess how these variables, their interactions, affected allocation males. found non significant differences in devoted behaviour. Vigilance was influenced by year distance vega. In turn, mainly size Our results suggest are more important than factors conditioning vicunas, during non-reproductive Future studies water-dependant ungulates, should consider influence water forage availabilities, interactions other variables.