The Crystal Structure of Apatite, Ca5(PO4)3(F,OH,Cl)

摘要: As illustrated by the broad range of topics presented in this volume, mineral apatite, Ca5(PO4)3(F,OH,Cl), is importance a greater variety fields than virtually any other mineral. It particular significance Earth science, life and material science; foundation apatite atomic arrangement. Apatite most abundant naturally occurring phosphate on Earth. Consequently, it major source phosphorous, both as an ore base global phosphorous cycle. critical for production huge quantities fertilizers, detergents phosphoric acid; extracted also used many applications such phosphors, rust removers, motor fuels, insecticides to name but few (McConnell 1973). The biogeochemical cycling starts its release from at Earth’s surface ultimately leads formation geological apatites through sedimentary processes or tectonic recycling. Along way, however, essential element all (Filippelli, volume). The structure chemistry allow numerous substitutions, including multitude metal cations (i.e., K, Na, Mn, Ni, Cu, Co, Zn, Sr, Ba, Pb, Cd, Sb, Y, REEs, U) that substitute Ca structure, anionic complexes AsO43−, SO42−, CO32−, SiO44−, etc.) replace PO43− (Pan Fleet, volume). Indeed, incorporates half periodic chart arrangement. These substitutions are usually trace concentrations, large concentrations even complete solid solutions exist certain substituents. This complex variable has great implications, utilized areas …