Who wants food? Individual characteristics in raven yells

摘要: Discriminating between different individuals is considered as prerequisite for any forms of social knowledge. In birds, discriminating conspecifics based on individual characteristics has been tested mainly in the auditory domain with territorial calls and songs neighbour kin discrimination but little known about signallers food calls. Ravens utilize a large set show individually distinctive call repertoires. Moreover, they advanced tactics during foraging, suggesting that are capable dealing an basis. When confronted difficult to access, ravens produce particular (‘haa’, yells); these attract other and, thus, have hypothesized serve ‘functionally referential signals’. We here examined whether able differentiate basis first analysed differences parameters, using 424 recorded from 18 marked wild Austrian Alps. then captive recognition playbacks, habituation-dishabituation design. found evidence fundamental frequency intensity-related measurements providing opportunity respond according distinct features. Furthermore, discriminated unfamiliar experiment, indicating may discern differences. Our results suggest raven birds be differentiating food-calling individuals.