Bayesian divergence-time estimation with genome-wide SNP data of sea catfishes (Ariidae) supports Miocene closure of the Panamanian Isthmus

摘要: The closure of the Isthmus Panama has long been considered to be one best defined biogeographic calibration points for molecular divergence-time estimation. However, geological and biological evidence recently cast doubt on presumed timing initial isthmus around 3 Ma but instead suggested existence temporary land bridges as early Middle or Late Miocene. supporting these earlier was based either only few markers concatenation genome-wide sequence data, an approach that is known result in potentially misleading branch lengths divergence times, which could compromise reliability this evidence. To allow estimation with genomic data using more appropriate multi-species coalescent model, we here develop a new method combining SNP-based Bayesian species-tree inference software SNAPP clock model can calibrated fossil constraints. We validate our simulations use reanalyze Neotropical army ants (Dorylinae) previously supported times Central South American populations before Ma. Our reanalysis shifts all ages younger than Ma, suggesting older estimates were artifacts resulting at least partially from concatenation. then apply RAD-sequencing set sea catfishes (Ariidae) calibrate their species tree extensive information record. identify series divergences between groups Caribbean Pacific 10 indicating processes related emergence led vicariant speciation already Miocene, millions years final closure.