Observing Arctic sea ice and its changes

摘要: The retreat of sea ice in the Arctic is one most obvious indicators for ongoing changes our climate system. Sea extent monitored from satellites over last decades and reveals an important time series. But this directly related to many other phenomena as transition a younger, thinner, more seasonal cover. It has strong impacts on various components ecosystem. processes interactions are less than white, covered blue ocean. Here I present different aspects how we, physics group at Alfred-Wegener-Institut, observe physical properties ice. will give overview applied, partly new innovative, methods mass- energy budget length scales. Beyond this, highlights recent studies summarized. Airborne measurements thickness reveal volume decreased years. These also used comparisons CryoSat-2 satellite. An focus work quantification interaction sunlight Radiation under optical their implications mass budget. In addition during expeditions with icebreaker Polarstern, autonomous platforms (buoys) add data sets. Finally, combination local, autonomous, regional additional large-scale observations allows us discuss key large regions seasons.