The Case For and Against Perspective-Taking

摘要: Abstract How can recent findings indicating that perspective-taking fosters negative behavior and defensiveness be reconciled with ample evidence have beneficial effects on individuals’ evaluative behavioral reactions to other people? I argue tends prompt positive in contexts where the potential for evaluation by target is low individuals thus focus their attention squarely understanding when perspective-taking. In contrast, prompts more high back themselves further relevance of individuals' concerns about social standing others moderates because it determines which two distinct forms egocentrism arises. A form involves projecting onto target, whereas a detrimental becoming preoccupied target's them. also maintain likely foster favorable treatment targets easy identify what constitutes versus treatment. Because most experiments examining been conducted involving clear response options, may not representative often engage everyday lives, might common than traditionally believed. review research literature find general support this conceptual framework. Apparent counter-examples directions future are discussed.