Biomaterials: defining the mechanical properties of natural tissues and selection of replacement materials

摘要: This article reviews the problems which are encountered in defining mechanical properties of natural tissues, and replacing them with synthetic materials human body. It describes how death, ageing, degeneration, pathology individual variability influence tissues. Experimental arise from degradation testing conditions; these illustrated by nucleus pulposus intervertebral disc. Replacement tissues graft products tissue engineering is then described. Synthetic replacement should be biocompatible, i.e. they not cause adverse reactions However, polymers hydrolyse body fluids may useful for implants intended to have a limited life or controlled release drugs. implant attempt mimic but there problem attaching surrounding tissue. Artificial ligaments provide an example this kind. Total hip used illustrate successful use conventional materials. Finally, safety issues described; material must required strength, sterile incorporated into device so that its performance living patient can monitored.