Tobacco, Smoking, and Nicotine

作者: J. Mackay , J.M. Samet

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-801238-3.00169-0

关键词: Tobacco controlDisease burdenNicotinePassive smokingEnvironmental healthTobacco harm reductionTobacco industryTobacco smokeMedicineTobacco in Alabama

摘要: For over half a century it has been known that tobacco use causes immense biological harm, and is addictive. Inhalation of secondhand smoke also disease. Half all cigarette smokers will die prematurely from tobacco, those in middle age. The impact, as measured by disease burden, now greatest the low- middle-income countries. Tobacco control action governments, nongovernmental organizations, academia civil society whole, at international, national, subnational levels, being implemented eventually slow this epidemic, but far more robust vigorous measures are required to end it.

参考文章(37)
Heather Wipfli, Erika Avila-Tang, Ana Navas-Acien, Sungroul Kim, Georgiana Onicescu, Jie Yuan, Patrick Breysse, Jonathan M Samet, None, Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Women and Children: Evidence From 31 Countries American Journal of Public Health. ,vol. 98, pp. 672- 679 ,(2008) , 10.2105/AJPH.2007.126631
Kenji Shibuya, Christina Ciecierski, Emmanuel Guindon, Douglas W Bettcher, David B Evans, Christopher JL Murray, None, WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: development of an evidence based global public health treaty BMJ. ,vol. 327, pp. 154- 157 ,(2003) , 10.1136/BMJ.327.7407.154
Richard D. Hurt, Channing R. Robertson, Prying Open the Door to the Tobacco Industry's Secrets About Nicotine: The Minnesota Tobacco Trial JAMA. ,vol. 280, pp. 1173- 1181 ,(1998) , 10.1001/JAMA.280.13.1173
R. Peto, J. Boreham, A.D. Lopez, M. Thun, C. Heath, Mortality from tobacco in developed countries: Indirect estimation from national vital statistics The Lancet. ,vol. 339, pp. 1268- 1278 ,(1992) , 10.1016/0140-6736(92)91600-D
Mattias Öberg, Maritta S Jaakkola, Alistair Woodward, Armando Peruga, Annette Prüss-Ustün, Worldwide burden of disease from exposure to second-hand smoke: a retrospective analysis of data from 192 countries The Lancet. ,vol. 377, pp. 139- 146 ,(2011) , 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61388-8
Office on Smoking, The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US). ,(2004)
Adele B. Croninger, Ernest L. Wynder, Evarts A. Graham, Experimental Production of Carcinoma with Cigarette Tar Cancer Research. ,vol. 13, pp. 855- 864 ,(1953)
Judith Mary Mackay, Douglas W Bettcher, Raman Minhas, Kerstin Schotte, Successes and new emerging challenges in tobacco control: addressing the vector Tobacco Control. ,vol. 21, pp. 77- 79 ,(2012) , 10.1136/TOBACCOCONTROL-2012-050433
R. Pearl, TOBACCO SMOKING AND LONGEVITY. Science. ,vol. 87, pp. 216- 217 ,(1938) , 10.1126/SCIENCE.87.2253.216
Georg E. Matt, Penelope J. E. Quintana, Hugo Destaillats, Lara A. Gundel, Mohamad Sleiman, Brett C. Singer, Peyton Jacob, Neal Benowitz, Jonathan P. Winickoff, Virender Rehan, Prue Talbot, Suzaynn Schick, Jonathan Samet, Yinsheng Wang, Bo Hang, Manuela Martins-Green, James F. Pankow, Melbourne F. Hovell, Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke: Emerging Evidence and Arguments for a Multidisciplinary Research Agenda Environmental Health Perspectives. ,vol. 119, pp. 1218- 1226 ,(2011) , 10.1289/EHP.1103500