Climate and the Oceans
作者： Lynne D. Talley , George L. Pickard , William J. Emery , James H. Swift
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-7506-4552-2.10027-7
关键词: Environmental science 、 Climate model 、 Climate state 、 Abrupt climate change 、 Effects of global warming 、 Tropical Atlantic Variability 、 Climatology 、 Climate change 、 Pycnocline 、 Climate oscillation
摘要: This chapter discusses the effect of climate variability on oceans. Climate is in any part ocean-atmosphere-land-ecology system timescales that are longer than seasonal. variations can be due to natural, internal interactions between components system; external forcing; or anthropogenic forcing. In present-day usage, usually refers natural and change anthropogenically forced climate. affects ocean properties circulation years millennia. result small changes, order 10%, mean structures. The most energetic modes variability, which tropical such as El Nino-Southern Oscillation, much larger changes structure, but even these do not eliminate pycnocline vertical temperature structure. describes variability. A brief description Atlantic decadal multidecadal Ocean property also presented chapter. Variations Nordic Seas Arctic water elaborated
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