Quantum Spin Hall Effect and Diamagnetism in Bismuth

摘要: We show that the spin Hall conductivity in insulators is related with a magnetic susceptibility representing strength of spin-orbit coupling. use this relationship as guiding principle to search real materials showing quantum effect. As result, we theoretically predict bismuth will effect, both by calculating helical edge states, and non-triviality Z_2 topological number, propose possible experiments.