Improving climate model representations of snow hydrology

摘要: Abstract In this study previous work that led to an improved representation of snow albedo in global climate models is expanded include regional simulations cover over three distinctly different regions the United States. We also discuss broadening our parametrization following processes: (i) `dirtiness' (due dust and other particulate loading); (ii) partitioning energy between melt, evaporation meltwater, refreezing within pack; (iii) heat added a snowpack by rain; (iv) vertical temperature profile snowpack. addition, new parameter, called `WFLUX', introduced as useful glaciological parameter based on net available for snowmelt. The hydrology formulation Marshall Oglesby implemented into two widely used models: GCM, NCAR CCM3/LSM, model, RegCM2 version MM4. A suite has been made with States 1992–1993 season. interest western US/Rocky Mountain region, region surrounding Great Lakes northeastern Calibration validation accomplished comparison ground satellite datasets snowcover, including both mean conditions year-to-year variability. goal not just improve simulation present-day seasonal cycle (which reasonably well simulated many current models) but predictive capability when address questions past (especially those involving glaciation) possible future climatic change.