Compensatory Stream and Wetland Mitigation in North Carolina: An Evaluation of Regulatory Success

摘要: Data from a probability sample were used to estimate wetland and stream mitigation success 2007 2009 across North Carolina (NC). “Success” was defined as whether the site met regulatory requirements in place at time of construction. Analytical results weighted by both component counts size. Overall (including preservation) estimated 74 % (SE = 3 %) for wetlands 75 % (SE = 4 %) streams NC. Compared previous studies, rates had increased since mid-1990s. Differences between providers (mitigation banks, NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program’s design-bid-build full-delivery programs, Department Transportation private permittee-responsible mitigation) generally not significant although yielded higher certain circumstances. Both preservation showed high enhancement rate significantly than that restoration. Additional statistically differences when size considered included: (1) Piedmont lower other areas state, (2) recently constructed projects demonstrated those built prior 2002. Opportunities improvement exist record-keeping, understanding relationship post-construction establishment long-term ecological trajectories restoration projects, incorporation numeric metrics into monitoring criteria, adaptation designs achieve greater Piedmont.